Статьи, опубликованные в английской версии журнала

Solving Fredholm integro-differential equations using hybrid and block-pulse functions

A. Hosry^a, R. Nakad^b, S. Bhalekar<sup>c

a</sup> Lebanese University, Faculty of Science II, Department of Mathematics, P.O. Box 90656, Fanar, El Metn, Lebanon
^b Notre Dame University-Louaizé, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, P.O. Box 72, Zouk Mikael, Lebanon
^c School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Hyderabad, 500046, Hyderabad, India

Аннотация: In this paper, hybrid and block-pulse functions are used to approximate the solution of a class of Fredholm integro-differential equations that was first studied by Hemeda. By employing suitable approximations, the equation has been converted into a system of algebraic equations that can be solved with classical methods. Finally, the method is explained with illustrative examples and results are compared to the results obtained by Hemeda’s method to show the usefulness and efficiency of the block-pulse and hybrid functions approach.

Ключевые слова: Fredholm and Volterra integro-differential equations, hybrid and block-pulse functions.

Поступила в редакцию: 03.03.2025
Исправленный вариант: 15.08.2025
Принята в печать: 27.01.2026

Язык публикации: английский

 Англоязычная версия: Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Physics, 2025, 54:12, 3004–3013