RUS  ENG
Full version
JOURNALS // Zhurnal Vychislitel'noi Matematiki i Matematicheskoi Fiziki // Archive

Zh. Vychisl. Mat. Mat. Fiz., 2023 Volume 63, Number 1, Pages 3–15 (Mi zvmmf11491)

This article is cited in 4 papers

Algebraic equations

Real normal form of a binary polynomial at a second-order critical point

A. B. Batkhinab, A. D. Brunob

a Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), 141701, Dolgoprudnyi, Moscow oblast, Russia
b Federal Research Center Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 125047, Moscow, Russia

Abstract: A real polynomial in two variables is considered. Its expansion near the zero critical point begins with a third-degree form. The simplest forms to which this polynomial is reduced with the help of invertible real local analytic changes of coordinates are found. First, for the cubic form, normal forms are obtained using linear changes of coordinates. Altogether, there are three of them. Then three nonlinear normal forms are obtained for the complete polynomial. Simplification of the calculation of a normal form is proposed. A meaningful example is given.

Key words: cubic form, change of coordinates, normal form, nonlinear normalization.

UDC: 519.16

Received: 25.04.2022
Revised: 25.04.2022
Accepted: 17.09.2022

DOI: 10.31857/S0044466923010064


 English version:
Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Physics, 2023, 63:1, 1–13

Bibliographic databases:


© Steklov Math. Inst. of RAS, 2026