Abstract:
The paper present a mathematical model of self-consistent relaxation in a perturbed region, based on the nonlinear Vlasov–Poisson system, which describes the interaction of a stationary absorbing charged conductor (of spherical or cylindrical geometry) with a free-molecular multicomponent low-temperature plasma. The high dimensionality of kinetic equations posed significant challenges for numerical implementation. To overcome these, we developed a system of curvilinear coordinates with nonholonomic constraints that reduces the phase volume of the problem; the derivation of the kinetic equation form in this coordinate system is provided. The employed numerical simulation method is described in detail.
The obtained results not only validate the adequacy of the proposed model and the correctness of numerical algorithms implementation, but also demonstrate substantial practical relevance. The kinetic nature of the model enables detailed investigation of plasma state and self-consistent electric field in the near-surface region. Specifically, for the case of a spherical body in three-component plasma, we demonstrate significant nonequilibrium in particle distribution within the perturbed zone and reveal characteristic features of spatial distribution and dynamics for particles with different charge signs.
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