Abstract:
This study presents an assessment of the speed and direction of the South Magnetic Pole movement during the 20th–21st centuries. The analysis is based on magnetic observations in Southern Hemisphere regions where the inclination angle exceeds $60^{\circ}$. Regional features of the calculated magnetic poles and general trends of their secular drift are identified. Within the framework of the 70th Russian Antarctic Expedition (2024–2025), over forty series of angular magnetic observations were carried out on sea ice and in coastal oases of Antarctica, allowing refinement of the pole's movement parameters. The Earth's magnetic field remains one of the least explored geophysical phenomena, with pole coordinate variations reflecting complex processes in the planet's core and mantle. To improve understanding of longterm pole shifts, regular absolute angular measurements and the development of secular variation networks in poorly studied Antarctic regions are required.
Keywords:South Magnetic Pole, geomagnetic field, secular variations, magnetic pole drift, local magnetic constant.
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