Vacuum polarization and the nonlocality effects in the interaction of matter with intense electromagnetic fields

R. Kh. Gainutdinov^a, A. A. Mutygullina^b, A. A. Vasilev^a, A. S. Petrova^a, M. A. Khamadeev<sup>a

a</sup> Institute of Physics, Kazan (Volga region) Federal University
^b Institute of Physics, Kazan (Volga region) Federal University

Abstract: New possibilities that the generalized quantum dynamics formalism opens in atomic physics, atomic spectroscopy and quantum optics are discussed by using the examples of muonic atoms, supercritical atoms, and intense laser fields. Our analysis demonstrates the advantages of the formalism in comparison with the standard methods in describing the bound states in muonic atoms and atoms with supercharged nuclei as well as in deriving the effective interaction operator of the radiation field with a strong external field.

Keywords: unstable vacuum, muonic atoms, superheavy nuclei, effective light-light interaction.

UDC: 539.189.1+530.145+535.14

Received: 19.05.2010