This article is cited in 16 papers

INSTRUMENTS AND METHODS OF INVESTIGATION

X-ray microscopy

V. V. Lider

Federal Scientific Research Center "Crystallography and Photonics", Russian Academy of Sciences, Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography, Moscow

Abstract: X-ray microscopy is a technique for obtaining real-space two- or three-dimensional images of an object using elements of the focusing optics. In this paper, various types of microscopes are reviewed and their applicability is examined; methods for obtaining image contrast are discussed, and avenues for the further development of X-ray microscopy are outlined.

Keywords: X-rays, X-ray optics, microscopy, spectroscopy, topography, fluorescence, magnetic dichroism.

PACS: 07.85.Tt, 41.50.+h

Received: April 25, 2016
Revised: May 30, 2016
Accepted: June 9, 2016

DOI: 10.3367/UFNr.2016.06.037830

 English version: Physics–Uspekhi, 2017, 60:2, 187–203

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