Abstract:
Along with the well-known "call–put parity" relation that makes it possible to express the rational price of a put option in terms of the rational price of a call option, we introduce a "call–put duality" relation. This new concept offers a simple explanation of the relationship between the rational price of a put option and a call option, not only for options of the European type, but also for options of the American type.
Keywords:call–put parity, Black–Merton–Scholes model, call–put duality, American call–put option, European call–put option, optimal stopping problem, free-boundary problem.