SCIENCES OF EARTH

Study of the relationship between thunderstorm activity of convective clouds and the processes of hail formation

A. Kh. Adzhiev^a, G. V. Kupovykh^b, A. A. Adzhieva^c, Z. M. Kerefova<sup>a

a</sup> Mountain Geophysical Institute, Nalchik
^b Institute of Computer Technology and Information Security, Engineering and Technological Academy, Southern Federal University
^c Kabardino-Balkarian State Agrarian University named after V. M. Kokov, Nal'chik

Abstract: The paper presents the results of experimental studies of the relationship between the thunderstorm activity of convective clouds and hail formation processes based on the data of the lightning direction-finding network and MRL-5 radars. From the extensive observational material, selected materials on the evolution of 30 powerful convective clouds that developed in the territory of North Ossetia-Alania in 2024 were analyzed. A significant change in the amplitude of lightning currents of positive and negative polarities was revealed when seeding a hail cloud with crystallizing reagents. This conclusion is shown on the examples of hail clouds that developed in the territory of North Ossetia-Alania on June 7 and June 25, 2024. It is shown that the impact on hail leads to a significant decrease in the amplitude of ground lightning of negative polarity. After the reagent was introduced into the cloud, positive lightning was not recorded in the cloud.

UDC: 551.554

Received: 19.03.2025
Accepted: 10.07.2025

DOI: 10.18522/1026-2237-2025-3-55-65

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