Abstract:
This article describes the classification of cumulonimbus clouds, including single-cell, multi-cell, and supercell types, determined by radar echo. The structure of each type of cloud and the factors that influence their formation and development are also discussed. It is emphasized that the strength of convective motion and the cell structure of clouds depend on factors such as the thermodynamic state of the atmosphere, wind structure at different altitudes, terrain, and other conditions specific to the region. The article also discusses the repeatability of different types of processes in the conditions of the North Caucasus, and their variability from year to year depending on the state of the atmosphere. Statistical processing of radar parameters of hail clouds in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic was also conducted for the period from 2003-2022. The distribution of the repeatability of the lifetime of hail cells, radar reflectivity, and upper boundary height was obtained. The results can be used in operational work on hail cloud seeding, the development of methods for long-term forecasting of hail activity, and in comparative analysis of the results of numerical modeling of hail clouds with data from experimental research.
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