Industrial and laboratory production of acetylene: world experience and prospects of plasma-chemical technology

M. D. Gotsko, I. V. Saliy, A. V. Ivanov

A.E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russian Federation

Abstract: Today, there are three important trends in the chemical industry worldwide: the revival of acetylene chemistry, development of a fundamentally different approach to the processing of coal as a chemical raw material, and elaboration of environmentally friendly industrial processes. One such process is plasmachemical production of acetylene from coal, which is analyzed in the review in comparison with other processes, both existing and prospective ones. The review also explores the modification of some known industrial processes with the goal to improve the environmental performance without compromising the economy and describes recently discovered methods for utilization of industrial waste from PVC production, which could potentially form the basis for future processes in acetylene chemistry. The performed analysis allows the authors to give recommendations for implementation of the most effective and environmentally friendly processes for acetylene production in industry, considering the current economic and environmental situation in Russia and in the world.
The bibliography includes 166 references.

Keywords: acetylene, hydrogen, coal, carbide, pyrolysis, plasma chemistry, cracking, synthesis gas, dichloroethane, PVC.

Received: 08.09.2025

DOI: 10.59761/RCR5201

 English version: Russian Chemical Reviews, 2025, 94:12, 1–25

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