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Graphene and graphene-like materials

A. L. Ivanovskii

Institute of Solid State Chemistry, Urals Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg

Abstract: Data on the modification methods of graphene-based carbon materials by creating structural defects, introducing substitutional impurities, adsorption of foreign atoms, and mechanical deformation are generalized. Graphene ribbons and nanoplates, graphene allotropes, multilayer graphenes and hybrid carbon structures involving graphene are considered. Methods of synthesis, results of investigations of properties and modelling of graphene derivatives (graphane, graphone, and fluorographene) are discussed. Data of investigations of related non-carbon graphene-like materials, including silicon-, germanium- and tin-based structural analogues of graphene, graphene-like binary phases of these elements (SiC, GeC, SiGe, SiSn, etc.), and A^IIIB^V (white graphene, B_xC_yN_z, BC_x, CN_z, etc.) and A^IIB^VI (BeO, ZnO, ZnS) type compounds, are generalized. The data concerning other graphene-like materials, metal dichalcogenides, oxides and carbides, are given. Bibliography — 605 references.

Received: 09.02.2012

DOI: 10.1070/RC2012v081n07ABEH004302

 English version: Russian Chemical Reviews, 2012, 81:7, 571–605

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