Abstract:
Self-starting mode locking is demonstrated for the first time in an all-fibre erbium laser with a cavity length above 1 km and high positive (normal) intracavity dispersion. The unconventional cavity design, with polarisation instability compensation, ensures stable operation and good frequency stability. The laser generates pulses with a record low repetition rate (82.4 kHz) and record high energy (564.3 nJ).