Abstract:
Factors that influence the accuracy of the experimental determination of small velocities (on a level of 1 cm/s and below) of a light particle (weighing 10 mg and less) suspended by a thin elastic rod or thread have been considered. The influence of a finite mass and bending elasticity of the rod on the natural frequency of pendulum oscillations is theoretically analyzed. It is established that the main factor affecting the natural frequency is the bending elasticity of suspension, whereas the influence of a finite mass of the rod can be reduced to a minimum. An exact analytical expression for the natural frequency of a real pendulum is obtained for an arbitrary bending elasticity of the light rod.