Abstract:
Synthetic hydroxyapatites doped with rare earth ions (gadolinium and cerium) have been characterised using pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance methods. It was found that gadolinium and cerium ions are successfully incorporated into the hydroxyapatite crystal lattice, occupying the position of calcium ions (Ca$^{2+}$).
Keywords:hydroxyapatite, electron paramagnetic resonance, rare earth elements.