Abstract:
The Mars rotation under the action of gravity torque from the Sun, Jupiter, Earth is considered.
It is assumed that Mars is the axially symmetric rigid body ($A=B$), the orbits of Mars, Earth
and Jupiter are Kepler ellipses. Elliptical mean motions of Earth and Jupiter are the independent
small parameters.
The averaged Hamiltonian of problem and integrals of evolution equations are obtained. By
assumption that the equatorial plane of unit sphere parallel to the plane of Jupiter orbit, the set
of trajectories for angular momentum vector of Mars $\mathbf{I}_2$ is drawn.
It is well known that «classic» equilibriums of vector $\mathbf{I}_2$ belong to the normal to the Mars orbit
plane. It is shown that they are saved by the action of gravitational torque of Jupiter and Earth.
Besides that there are two new stationary points of $\mathbf{I}_2$ on the normal to the Jupiter orbit plane.
These equilibriums are unstable, homoclinic trajectories pass through them.
In addition, there are a pair of unstable equilibriums on the great circle that is parallel to the
Mars orbit plane. Four heteroclinic curves pass through these equilibriums. There are two stable
equilibriums of $\mathbf{I}_2$ between pairs of these curves.
Keywords:four body restricted problem, Deprit – Andoyer variables, the track of the angular
momentum vector, method of averaging.
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