Abstract:
The work is aimed at determent criteria of dam erosion conditions when the dam crest overflows. It is known that in natural disasters, when the dam crest overflows, spatial erosion of dams is observed, when an initial hole is formed, then develops in time due to the erosion of the side walls of the hole with the formation of a final hole, which is only a part (often small) of the body of the dam, and in experimental trays overflow often leads to a plane-parallel dams erosion conditions, when the erosion of the dam crest occurs uniformly along the entire length of the pressure front with almost complete intensive destruction of the dam body. The paper identifies the reasons for this differences. Based on the mathematical model obtained as a result of the transformation of the system of the hydrodynamic equations, the conditions for the implementation of variousdams erosion conditions are derived, confirmed by specially conducted experiments, as well as known experimental and field data on dam erosion.
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