Abstract:
A mathematical model of human infection with COVID-19 virus by absorption of virions
from the local atmosphere is presented. The standard cellular model includes new terms
that account for initial immunity and the flux of pathogen microparticles from the environment into the organism. It is shown that immunity reduces the degree of invasion of
body cells and increases the time interval between the onset of infection and the explosive increase in the concentration of pathogenic microparticles. The results of calculations using the modified model are compared with experimental data of time dependence
of virus concentration in the organism of infected patients. At the initial stage of infection, an analytical solution describing the growth of the pathogen concentration at a constant flux of virions from the atmosphere was found. The existence of a critical initial
concentration of virions in the organism, exceeding which leads to an intensive increase
in the concentration of virions, has been established. When the initial concentration of
virions becomes less than a critical value, the virus in the organism degenerates. The
critical initial concentration of virions in the organism rises with increasing degree of
immunity. The critical value of the constant flux of virions from the atmosphere, exceeding which leads to an irreversible increase in the concentration of pathogenic cells, has
been found. If the value of virion flux is less than a critical value, a constant concentration of pathogen microparticles is established in the organism.
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