International Conference of Physicists.SPb, October 20-24, 2025, Saint Petersburg
Astronomy and Astrophysics

Heating and destruction of the porous surface layer of the comet nucleus

T. A. Andreeva^a, N. Yu. Bykov^a, V. V. Zakharov^bc, A. Ya. Lukin^a, D. S. Shmyr<sup>a

a</sup> Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
^b LIRA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, France
^c Université Paris Cité, France

Abstract: A thermal model of a cometary surface layer with closed pores is considered. Closed cavities (pores) could have formed as a result of accretion of the cometary nucleus from icy and refractory particles and its further evolution. With a heating of the surface layer, the gaseous products of sublimation escape into outer space through open pores. The amount of ice decreases and gas from previously closed pores creates high pressure in the surface layer sufficient for its destruction and formation of dusty-gas flow.

Keywords: comets, porous near-surface layer of the comet nucleus, thermal conductivity process, gas diffusion, computer simulation.

Received: 05.05.2025
Revised: 28.07.2025
Accepted: 04.08.2025

DOI: 10.61011/JTF.2025.12.61792.236-25

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