S. N. Molotkov, I. S. Sushchev, “Bose–Einstein statistics, random block ciphers, and the one-time notepad in quantum cryptography”, Pis'ma v Zh. Èksper. Teoret. Fiz., 2025, Volume 121, Issue 11,Pages <nobr>914

QUANTUM INFORMATION SCIENCE

Bose–Einstein statistics, random block ciphers, and the one-time notepad in quantum cryptography

S. N. Molotkov^a, I. S. Sushchev^b

^a Osipyan Institute of Solid State Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, Russia
^b Center for Quantum Technologies, Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia

Abstract: Many problems in statistical physics, as well as in classical and quantum information theory including quantum cryptography, have much in common, since they are reduced to the processing of exponentially large sets. It has been shown that there is a deep relationship between the distribution of bosons over energy levels and the number of collisions of a random block cipher. It has been shown that the number of collisions is equal to the number of empty levels in the distribution of bosons over levels. The number of collisions is of practical interest, since it determines the complexity of search for keys transmitted through a quantum network.

Received: 11.04.2025
Revised: 22.04.2025
Accepted: 28.04.2025

DOI: 10.31857/S0370274X25060101