Abstract:
Possible acoustic modes in a superfluid 2D gas of hydrogen atoms adsorbed on the surface of liquid helium at $T\lesssim 0.1$ Ê are considered depending on the oscillation frequency and times of energy and momentum transfers both between 2D subsystems of hydrogen atoms and ripplons and into the bulk liquid or substrate. Analogues of the usual and second sounds are realized in 2D hydrogen at high frequencies. In the case of weak coupling with the bulk liquid and substrate, ripplons provide an addition to the normal hydrogen component, which leads to a change in the speed of the second sound. In the most interesting range of low frequencies, an analogue of the fourth sound is realized, when ripplons and the normal hydrogen component are immobile and only the superfluid hydrogen component moves. In this case, when the rate of heat transfer into the bulk liquid is much lower than the sound frequency, oscillations of the temperature of hydrogen can be observed in phase with density oscillations. Methods for exciting acoustic modes are discussed.
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