Ferroelectricity

Effects of Sm$^{3+}$ ions modification on the structure and properties of 0.36(Bi$_{1-x}$Sm$_x$)ScO$_3$–0.64PbTiO$_3$

E. G. Guk^a, E. P. Smirnova^a, V. N. Klimov^b, P. A. Pankratiev^a, N. V. Zaitseva^a, E. E. Mukhin<sup>a

a</sup> Ioffe Institute, St. Petersburg
^b Prometei Central Research Institute of Structural Materials, St. Petersburg

Abstract: Effect of the modification by Sm$^{3+}$ ions on the properties of the solid solution 0.36(Bi$_{1-x}$Sm$_x$)ScO$_3$–0.64PbTiO$_3$ (BSSPT) with $x$ = 0.022, 0.038, 0.056 was studied. The veriants of modification such as stoichiometrical, superstoichiometrical, and excess doping after calcination as well as sintering techniques (one-step, two-step) were performed. The crystal structure, elemental composition, dielectric properties and piezoelectric constant $d_{33}$ were measured. BSSPT is shown to be single-phase and it has a tetragonal (P4mm) perovskite structure. The elemental composition of all variants of the synthesized BSSPT ceramics demonstrates the almost identical samarium content, including the Sm$^{3+}$ ion doping into the $A$-sublattice of the ceramics perovskite structure ABO$_3$ after calcination. The maximum value of the dielectric constant $\varepsilon_m$ and the corresponding temperature $T_m$ decrease with increasing the Sm$^{3+}$ ion concentration. The obtained maximum $d_{33}$ value was 536 pC/N, which exceeds $d_{33}$ = 525 pC/N for unmodified BSPT.

Keywords: piezoelectric ceramics, modification, microstructure, dielectric properties, piezoelectric properties.

Received: 08.07.2025
Revised: 08.07.2025
Accepted: 10.07.2025

DOI: 10.61011/FTT.2025.08.61328.192-25

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