Abstract:
Herein we give an overview of the basic mathematical concepts and constructions that underlie the methods of geoinformatics developed by the scientific school under the leadership of RAS academician A. Gvishiani. It is important to note that we understand geoinformatics more widely than the study and application of geographic information systems. Geoinformatics includes research on the creation of methods and algorithms that make it possible to automate the problem solution in the field of geosciences using observational data. The solution is understood as an adequate modelling of expert's logic, who performs data analysis and decision making manually. It is the observation systems and recorded data on the processes in the Earth's interior and near-Earth space that form the basis for fundamental studies in the field of geoinformatics and other geosciences. Particularly, under the leadership of RAS academician A. Gvishiani the system of geomagnetic field observations has been significantly developed. This article is mostly devoted to the mathematical apparatus, used to analyze observational data in order to subsequently identify new regularities in the processes of the Earth and near-Earth space.
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