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JOURNALS // Algebra i Analiz // Archive

Algebra i Analiz, 2026 Volume 38, Issue 1, Pages 198–234 (Mi aa1992)

Research Papers

Finer characterization of letter-bounded languages described by GF(2)-grammars

V. Makarov, M. Movsin

Saint-Petersburg State University, Department of Mathematics and Computer Science

Abstract: Somewhat recently, Bakinova et al. have introduced the family of GF(2)-grammars. As a whole, the family of GF(2)-grammars is notable for having many algebraic properties that the family of ordinary context-free grammars does not. In “Bounded languages described by GF(2)-grammars”, Makarov proved a necessary condition for the subsets of $a_1^* a_2^* \cdots a_k^*$ to be described by some GF(2)-grammar. By extending his methods further, we get a finer upper and lower bounds on the subsets of $a_1^* a_2^* \cdots a_n^*$ described by GF(2)-grammars. Said upper and lower bounds are expressed in terms of the families of noninterleaving subintervals of $\{1, 2, \ldots, n\}$.

Keywords: formal grammars, letter-bounded languages, finite fields, rings.

Received: 26.11.2025



© Steklov Math. Inst. of RAS, 2026